Reasons for the success of the October Revolution, 1917 What went wrong? In this context, the legacy of the Russian Revolution obliges, one hundred years later, neither celebration nor mourning. The Russian Revolution of 1917 was an important event for the entire world, not only Russia. The aristocracy and the Tsarist regime were widely disliked by the majority of the Russian people. Why did the French Revolution devolve into the Napoleonic Wars? Likewise, there is still a great deal of ambiguity, disagreement and confusion over the nature of the regime that flourished in the Soviet Union after Lenins death in 1924. Saint Anthony led a worldly routine to follow [], Religion. Why did the February Revolution of 1917 succeed? He is succeeded by his son, Alexander III, who enacts anti-terrorism measures that curb civil rights and freedom of the press. When friends and family recently asked what I was working on, and I responded "an article on nonviolence and the Russian Revolution," most assumed I was joking. See full answer below. The failure of Bolshevism can also be blamed on Lenin, who was the leader of the Russian Revolution and the founder of the Soviet Union. Difference Between French Revolution and Russian Revolution Why was the king killed in the French Revolution? She blamed the rebellions and strikes on undesirables, and failed to address the concerns of the people. For the Bolsheviks and many in Russia, the war was simply not worth fighting. What was the Russian Revolution? What did the KGB do in the Russian Revolution? So how do we as historians cope with this narrative problem? The principle of each type of insurgence is the same: the masses fight against an established power. What was the effect of the February Revolution in Russia? Why did the Russian Empire become the Soviet Union? Before the Russian Revolution, there was not a single successful proletarian revolution. There were two reasons for why this battle began, the first reason was that Great Britain were trying to make it difficult for the france to [], The fall of the Roman Empire was the first steps of Monasteries in the third century. This talk was the final event in the 100 Year Anniversary of the 1917 Revolution lecture series, hosted by the NYU Jordan Center and co-sponsored by the NYU Department of History. The Russian Revolution of 1917 was one of the most explosive political events of the twentieth century. The reason that bourgeois revolutions tend to succeed is because they are not social revolutions in the same way that proletariat-led uprisings are. Why was the Bolshevik Revolution successful? - A-Level History - Marked This essay was donated by a student and is likely to have been used and submitted before, Free samples may contain mistakes and not unique parts. Russia's October Revolution not what Marx had in mind When Nicholas attempted to return to Petrograd, he was faced with railway strikes, and was greeted by members of the military and Duma, Russias national parliament. Nevertheless, the states out of character (non)reaction to the centenary may function, according to Fitzpatrick, as a kind of reconciliation for the 1917 events. Once the Bolsheviks succeeded, they would just open the floodgates to Communism for the rest of the world. In response, the Finnish Red Guard, which served as the working class, seized the capital of Helsinki in late January of 1918 and the proletarian revolution was formally declared (Tepora). It was a roadmap for what . Tsarina Alexandra was never popular with the people of Russia, even early in her marriage to Nicholas II. The workers have nothing to lose but their chains (Serge). His unwavering intent to establish socialism in Russia, regardless of the ripeness of the social and economic conditions, and his firm conviction that only the Bolsheviks represented the true interests of the workers, would compel him to adopt strategies and policies that would soon deprive the Revolution of whatever potential it had originally had for the establishment of a new social order based on workers control of the means of production and democracy (which Lenin, sadly enough, associated with the dictatorship of the proletariat). In many cases, these individuals were unqualified or even incompetent. The Russian Revolution - GeeksforGeeks Why does the Russian revolution matter? | History books - the Guardian Dreams are surely renewable, and a new world is waiting to be born, but the possibilities available to create an equalitarian, socially just, ecologically friendly, and decent society lie outside the ideas, practices and policies of the October Revolution. Question 6. Why do Hungarians celebrate the Hungarian Revolution? This decision would prove fatal during the Revolution. Remember: This is just a sample from a fellow student. Why was the Chinese Communist Revolution important? He was, however, no better a commander than a Tsar. Here I turn to a more famous and globally significant case: the Russian Revolution. What was Russia like before the Bolshevik Revolution? Grigori Rasputin was a mystical advisor and key figure in the court of Nicholas II, and he had a particularly close relationship with Tsarina Alexandra. The first revolution was on 8 March 1917, but in Russia it was recorded as 28 February 1917. How World War I Fueled the Russian Revolution - HISTORY The Russian revolution in Autumn 1917 was about (1) leaving WW1, (2) giving land to peasants and (3) confiscating industrial properties and banks. What was the Russian revolution of 1917, why did it happen - The Sun What effect did the Bolshevik Revolution have on World War I? As Rosa Luxemburg said in 1919, But the [proletarian] revolution is the sole form of war and this is also its most vital law in which the final victory can be prepared only by a series of defeats! Ferdinand II attempted to impose Roman Catholic absolutism on his domain. Lenin once asked Trotsky in confidence, Tell me, if the Whites kill you and me do you think Bukharin and Sverdlov will be able to pull through all right? (Serge). Marvin is a great resource for information on online marketing, social media, and SEO. Its important to note that they were trying to create a democracy although it was worker-led which would lead to it being more proletarian than bourgeois which is not true Communism like the Russians were trying to accomplish. The Bolshevik Revolution was unsuccessful because they were unable to stop the White Terror, which led to a breakdown of law and order in Russia and a civil war that resulted in the return of a monarch. . Reasons for Bolshevik success - October Revolution - BBC Without leaders like Lenin and Trotsky, and the determination of the Russian people, the first revolution to succeed might not have been this one, even if success was inevitable. He knew his cousin, Kaiser Wilhelm, relatively well, and while he knew he was power-hungry, he did not expect all of Europe to erupt into war. Its opponents regularly charge socialism with being a religion. Exploring The Benefits Of Sports Fanship, Can A Priest Tell The Police A Confession? His revolution from above, launched in 1928 with the policy of collectivisation and dekulakisation (a, campaign of political repressions, including arrests, deportations, and executions of millions of the more well-to-do p, Al Jazeera Centre for Public Liberties & Human Rights. How many people died in the Russian Revolution? What caused the 1905 Revolution? Yet, even this does not mean that the Bolshevik programme and Lenins ideas of rule were accepted by the majority of the Russian people: In the November 1917 elections, the first truly free election in Russian history, Lenins party received only one quarter of the vote, while the Social Revolutionaries managed to receive over 60 percent. The Russian Revolution was successful because of the influence of the socialist revolutionaries as well as the utter failure of the Russian parliament and tsarist Russia in general. Why were emigrants killed in the French Revolution? Socialism is also a term whose meaning sparks great disagreement among scholars. During the latter part of the 19th century, Russia experienced a massive population increase. The legacy of the Russian Revolution obliges, one hundred years later, neither celebration nor mourning. As military defeats continued, along with long lists of the war dead, negative feelings about the provisional government grew, paving the way for the Revolution. The Russian Revolution was the process by which the government was overthrown and replaced with a new government. Become a member. The Russian Revolution through the Prism of Propaganda His decisions during World War I were almost all remarkably bad. For Russia, it was imperial Germany in World War I, for Vietnam, French colonialism, for China, a century of . Rasputin, as hes commonly called, was born into a poor family in Siberia. What were the goals of the Russian Revolution? Before 1917 Russian Revolution, the status of Non-Russian nationalities were treated as inferiors and were not allowed to . Why did Bolsheviks kill the Russian aristocracy? How did Bloody Sunday cause the Russian Revolution? The Russian Revolution was a period of political and social revolution that took place in the former Russian Empire, begun during the First World War. Generally speaking, however, this revolution would also not have been possible without the the fullest and unreserved support from the entire mass of the working class (Riggins) and everyone involved in a leadership role was only too aware of this. The Russian empire was unlike any major European country but was nonetheless trying to catch up to countries like England and Germany. What happened to the Romanov family during the Russian Revolution? The revolution took place in two stages. It would not be until after the Romanovs were taken out of power in favor of a democratic leadership, and the bourgeois revolution successfully completed, that the transition to a peoples uprising would begin. What were soviets and what did they do? Even so, in the early 20th century, Russia was the largest exporter of food in the world. The Ugly Truth Behind Our Plastic Waste Problem, Do Cops Work On Labor Day? During the Cold War, it could have been seen as a dangerous and frightening success, rather than a failure. The Most Important Revolutions That Shaped World History In October, the Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the Provisional Government. What was Stalin's role in the Russian Revolution? Russian Revolution Flashcards | Quizlet Widespread general strikes followed, and Nicholas II made a number of concessions to appease the rebels. Many prior attempts such as the German Revolution of 1848, the Paris Commune of 1871, and the Finnish Revolution of 1917 all ended in failure. The fact is that the Russian Revolution is an event too significant to be ignored and Russians' disregard of the centenary may be damaging for their national consciousness. An In-Depth Look At The Reality Of Aid, Can Jello Cause Diarrhea? Was the Soviet Union behind Cuban Revolution? According to Fitzpatrick, the specific revolutionary goals of a particular period would determine the definitions of success and failure. Stalinism did not merely formalise the worst aspects of Leninism but became, in reality, an actual stumbling block for the transition into socialism both inside the Soviet Union and throughout the rest of the world where the ideas of social justice and equality continued to move the minds and hearts of millions of decent people. The press soon began to report on his influence over the Tsarina, calling him the Mad Monk; however, there is little evidence that he played any such significant role. Get the latest creative news from FooBar about art, design and business. Why did the Bolsheviks kill the Romanovs? What did the first part of the Russian Revolution achieve? While the peasants resisted, these efforts were relatively successful, but the period of economic growth that followed was brief and ended with the beginning of World War I. In the years shortly after emancipation, the change helped to revitalize the Russian economy. The protestant nobles of Austria and Bohemia rose up in rebellion. Russians simply cant afford to forget this aspect of their past. The Russian Revolution was successful because it ended feudalism and capitalism, which were two of the biggest problems in Russia. This led to the working class of Russia being forced to fight against every powerful country in the world, as well as their own noblemen. Why was the Haitian Revolution important? One hundred years on from the Russian Revolution, three main lessons emerge from the 75-year Great Soviet Experiment. The Peasant Uprising in the Russian Revolution of 1917 - Bolshevik The Tsars abused the power of the absolute monarchy, and this type of government encouraged the Russian Revolution. Get access to this video and our entire Q&A library, The Russian Revolution: Timeline, Causes & Effects. Stalin had his own ideas about what should be done with Russia and ignored orders from his superiors to make changes to Russias government or economy as he saw fit. He was physically distant from the front lines of World War I. Nevertheless, Fitzpatrick's prediction is that in 2117, Russians will repeat the cycle and choose to forget. The first reason why the Bolshevik Revolution was successful was . First, he appointed his inexperienced cousin as commander-in-chief of the army, then he planned an invasion of East Prussia. a march where 130 people were killed. They were also lucky as they had the majority in their parliamentary system the Constituent Assembly and were able to control other parties and political opponents in this way. Nevertheless, Fitzpatricks prediction is that in 2117, Russians will repeat the cycle and choose to forget. The bourgeoisie did not believe that their Communism could ever succeed and perhaps neither did the working class and this is why Lenins determination was so crucial. What did Karl Marx do in the Russian Revolution? Russia decided to withdraw from World War I because: (i) People were demanding peace. What was the slogan of the Russian Revolution? copyright 2003-2023 Homework.Study.com. As Fitzpatrick noted, the Soviet Unions disintegration in 1991 was an abrupt collapse, which historians did not predict. Germany was expected to be largely involved in the invasion of France, as described in the Schlieffen Plan. The October Revolution was actually the second Russian revolution of 1917. Hence, the end of Stalinism and the collapse of Soviet communism (which in the course of its 74 years did manage to turn a backward country into an industrialised nation that was able to defeat Nazism and make undeniable advances on several economic, cultural, and social fronts) mark simply the end of a dream turned into a nightmare. It is said that Lenin made many mistakes throughout his life, but he made one huge mistake when he allowed Stalin to take over as dictator after Lenin died in 1924. When he took command and went to the front, he lost that buffer zone of sorts, and bore a much more personal responsibility for the events that unfolded during World War I. Nicholas left his wife, the Tsarina Alexandra, to govern. On the centenary of the Great October Revolution, an objective evaluation on socialism and the legacy of Soviet communism gives no room for mourning or celebration. In August 1917, Lavr Kornilov, a Russian General, made an attempt to seize power for himself. The Soviet Union was established by the Communist Party, which controlled the government and economy until 1991. Fitzpatrick contended that the collapse of the Soviet Union, and historians reactions, demonstrates a belief in historical inevitability. There exists a false logic that big events must be predictable. Just the fact of being able to explain history implies that there is an inevitability of events involved. With the suppression of the Kronstadt rebellion, it became clear that Lenins concept of the vanguard party and his understanding of the dictatorship of the proletariat did not permit dissent of any kind and that a socialist political order was to be based on one-party rule. Exactly one hundred years ago today, in the evening of October 25, 1917, the Winter Palace . Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! In total, some 150,000 troops were lost in this single battle. What happened to Leon Trotsky during the Russian Revolution. 2018 Oct 18 [cited 2023 Mar 4]. This is called the Russian Revolution. Russians were either very poor or very rich. Yes, the Russian Revolution was successful. The Russian communist, with his journalistic background in Germany and business success in Constantinople, wrote the script of a revolution for the Foreign Office. The clearest illustration of how far to the right the Bolsheviks had moved following the outbreak of the October Revolution is the brutal repression of the Kronstadt rebellion in 1921 by Red Army troops. Why was Chinese Communist Revolution ready for revolution? In February 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated, and a representative Provisional Government succeeded the autocracy. The orchestration of the Red Terror, which lasted until the end of the Russian civil war, was assigned to Cheka (a Bolshevik police organisation that reported to Lenin himself on all anti-communist activities), thereby laying the foundations for the emergence of a full-fledged police state under Stalinism. The couple had four daughters, followed by a failed pregnancy, and then a son, Alexei. Normally, the rejection or acceptance is silent and smooth. Karl Marx never had envisioned this for Russia. Is It Illegal To Take Screenshots Of Conversations. Let's fix your grades together! Moscow was founded in 1147 by Yuri Dolgoruki, a prince of the [], The Russian Revolution of 1917 was one of the most explosive political events of the twentieth century. why was the russian 1917 revolution successful - 366 Words | Studymode Tags: capitalism, centenary, cyclical, failure, historical inevitability, revolution, socialism, success, 2023 NYU Jordan Center Why didn't Britain or Russia face the Revolutions of 1848? The revolution in Russia was successful because they replaced their old government with a new communist nation. What did the Bolshevik Revolution lead to? Russian Revolution - Wikipedia The revolution was executed as a result of mass unrest in the country. Most had been charged significantly more than market rates for the land, in some cases as much as a third. The Bolsheviks were led by Vladimir Lenin, who believed that Russia would not be able to achieve socialism until it underwent a process he referred to as the revolution. The following article will explore whether or not the Russian Revolution was a successful event. In their petition, they called themselves oppressed, and said they were looked on as slaves. Russian Revolution of 1905 | Timeline, Causes & History - Video On November 7, 1917, members of the Bolshevik political party seized power in the capital of Russia, Petrograd (now St. Petersburg). Protesters marching in Petrograd. Slavoj Zizek, for example, believes that Lenins practice is out of sync with modern times. However, it was actually two revolutionary events in one, generally brought together to describe one period. What were the social and economic causes of Russian Revolution? The Russian Revolution was successful because workers, soldiers, and peasants were able to wrest power away from the Provisional Government. The revolution of 1905 was called the dress rehearsal of the Russian Revolution by political leader Leon Trotsky. Most leaders of proletariat revolutions dont know what exactly they are hoping to create and therefore arent sure how to create a society that will allow them to find this uncertain goal.